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Hybrid Procedure

Convergent Maze

Hybrid surgical-catheter ablation for difficult-to-treat atrial fibrillation — combining cardiac surgery and electrophysiology in one procedure.

About This Procedure

What is Convergent Maze?

The Convergent Maze procedure is a surgical treatment for atrial fibrillation. It involves making a small incision just below the breastbone to allow ablations of the back wall of the left atrium, which is difficult to access from inside the heart. The procedure offers a treatment option for difficult-to-treat atrial fibrillation and can be performed with significantly less chance of esophageal injury compared to ablations done from inside the heart by electrophysiologists alone. An additional procedure can be performed at the same time to place a small clip (Atriclip) at the base of the left atrial appendage — the site where most stroke-causing blood clots form in atrial fibrillation. Placement of the Atriclip can further minimize stroke risk and potentially allow patients to stop blood thinners entirely.

Who Is a Candidate ?

Patients we typically evaluate for Convergent Maze.

  • Failed prior ablation

    Patients whose percutaneous ablations by electrophysiologists were not successful.

  • Persistent atrial fibrillation

    Difficult-to-treat AFib that has not responded to medication or single-modality ablation.

  • Severely enlarged left atrium

    Anatomical changes that limit catheter-only ablation success.

  • High stroke risk on blood thinners

    Patients who would benefit from Atriclip placement to reduce stroke risk.

  • CONDITION

    Arrhythmia

    Abnormal heart rhythm that can make the heart beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly.

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The Process

How Convergent Maze is performed.

  • STEP 01

    Sub-sternal incision and posterior ablation

    Cardiac surgeon performs ablations on the back wall of the left atrium through a small incision below the breastbone.

  • STEP 02

    Catheter ablation

    Electrophysiologist performs catheter ablation from inside the heart.

  • STEP 03

    Optional Atriclip placement

    A small clip can be placed at the base of the left atrial appendage to reduce stroke risk.